21 statements about how you felt over the past week. The result is a profile of three scales: depression, anxiety and stress. You may stop at any time.
The short form of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales by Peter and Sydney Lovibond (1995). Seven statements each describe depression (low mood, hopelessness, loss of interest), anxiety (bodily arousal, panic, fear) and stress (tension, irritability, difficulty relaxing). The scales were built to separate these three states, which often occur together.
How scoring works
Answers score 0–3. Each scale sums its seven statements and doubles the sum, so scores match the full 42-item DASS: 0–42. Depression: 0–9 normal, 10–13 mild, 14–20 moderate, 21–27 severe, 28+ extremely severe. Anxiety: 0–7, 8–9, 10–14, 15–19, 20+. Stress: 0–14, 15–18, 19–25, 26–33, 34+. There are no reverse items and no overall score.
21answers
0–3points per answer
0–42on each of the three scales
Method and sources
The original publication, the official DASS website and the Russian and Ukrainian translations it hosts are listed below, together with a review of the Russian-language evidence.
